ABSTRACT
The fact that Sigmund Freud constantly added to and reformulated his theories not only gave rise to many theoretical tongues but encouraged his followers to continue expanding his ideas. Adlerians and Jungians, in spite of having made common cause with the Freudians under the Nazis, remained persona non grata with Freudians nearly everywhere. But as more and more of the Freudians as well as their imitators, mediators, and innovators tried to solve the psychological riddles Freud had left behind, they developed a veritable Babel of theories. Postwar Freudians in Germany followed two different theoretical paths. This was not very noticeable at first, when those who took their lead from the Berliners did all they could to catch up with the Anglo-Saxons. Otto Kernberg traces his own formulations of ego splitting to Freud's observations of "love turning to hate" and defines object relations more broadly than Anna Freud and thus is closer to Melanie Klein.
