ABSTRACT
Fascism is the result of the collapse of Europe's spiritual and social order. Marxism stands and falls by the promise to overcome the unequal and unfree society of capitalism and to realize freedom and equality in the classless society. Capitalism as a social order and as a creed is the expression of the belief in economic progress as leading toward the freedom and equality of the individual in the free and equal society. All social energies have to be concentrated upon the promotion of economic ends, because economic progress carries the promise of the social millennium. Since socialism cannot provide belief in a future social order, the masses are thrown back upon belief in the present order of capitalism, lest modern society should lose all meaning for them. Freedom and equality, the two cornerstones of this order, are values which are intelligible and endowed with meaning only as applied to a rational society.
