ABSTRACT
The general instructions request that participants reflect on their previous experiences of loneliness and endorse the items, which describe the coping strategies that were most helpful to them. Self-development and understanding is a cluster of coping strategies which encompasses increased self-intimacy, renewal, and growth, and often is the result of active participation in organized focus groups. Loneliness, in contrast, is a painful experience that is commonly not embraced and which has consequences that are detrimental to one's emotional, physical, and spiritual well being. Loneliness is a distressing and painful multidimensional experience which is universal among all humans, and as a unique subjective experience, is affected by one's personality, history, and background. The Social support network subscale depicted the reestablishment of social support network, of connecting with others, and utilizing their support in dealing with loneliness and other life difficulties. The distress of loneliness has been described as "paralyzing hopelessness and unalterable futility".
