ABSTRACT
This chapter explores how productive capital, though kept, during the progress of production, in a continual state of employment, and subject to perpetual change and Wear, is yet ultimately reproduced in full value, when the business of production is at an end. A nation that directs its energies to all three branches of industry, namely, agriculture, manufactures, and commerce, has a capital compounded of all three different forms of production. Every adventurer in industry, that has a capital of their own embarked in it, has ready means of employing their saving productively. The increase of capital is naturally slow of progress: for it can never take place without actual production of value, and the creation of value is the work of time and labour, besides other ingredients. Except during the continuance of ruinous wars, or excessive public extravagance, such as occurs in France under the domination of Napoleon.
