ABSTRACT
Plant breeding became a science only after the rediscovery of Mendel’s laws in 1900. It was only in the late 19th century that the Mendel uncovered the secrets of heredity, thus giving rise to genetics, the fundamental science of plant breeding. The importance of determining the entire genome sequence of crop plant and other organisms were recognized and was an important first step in ushering the field of genomics. The “omics” approach integrates genome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, physiognome, and phenome data into a single data set and can lead to the identification of unknown genes and their regulatory networks involved in metabolic pathways of interest. Genomics consists of the development of large-scale analyses of only structural but functional features of genomes, allowing the discovery of evolutionary and functional dynamics in crop plants. The method is based on protein denaturation in an acid and hydrophobic medium, which in turn helps the precipitation of proteins and the removal of interfering substances.
