ABSTRACT
After his breakdown in June, 1916, John R. Commons had retreated to a cabin on Lake Tenderfoot in Northern Wisconsin on the Michigan border. John R'.s "full team" included graduates who shared John R'.s commitment to "constructive research". John R. emphasized the fifth force that shaped the evolution of American unionism—the legal supremacy of courts. A year after publication of the History of Labor, John R'.s Industrial Goodwill appeared. John R. adapted the management meaning of goodwill to make the case to employers for his "machinery of collective democracy". John R. devoted a number of chapters to policies pioneered by employers of the third class. John R. gave the state three functions in this "machinery of collective democracy": First, the state must control what Henry Carter Adams had called the "competitive menace"; second, it must correct deficiencies in labor market information; and third it must protect and foster the nation's human resources.
