ABSTRACT
Primary eye tumors are commonly divided into two categories: intraocular tumors and extraocular tumors. Primary eye tumors affect people at any age, although older people appear to be more vulnerable. Diagnosis of eye tumors involves eye examination, ultrasound, CT, MRI, PET, fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography, fine-needle biopsy, bone marrow examination, cytogenetics, and gene expression profiling. Treatments of eye tumors include surgery, radiotherapy, laser therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Retinoblastoma typically demonstrates on ultrasound a mass with high reflectivity and intralesional calcium causing shadowing behind the tumor. Radiation therapy enables preservation of the eye structure and saves some of the vision in the eye. It can be carried out by using brachytherapy, external beam radiation therapy, conformal proton beam radiation therapy, or stereotactic radiosurgery via gamma knife or CyberKnife. Extraocular tumors include basal or squamous cell carcinoma of the eyelid, rhabdomyosarcoma, conjunctival tumors, and lacrimal gland tumor.
