ABSTRACT
The colonial experience is critical for modern Africa because of its strong impact on the present. The 1917 Bolshevik Revolution had also provided a viable paradigm to African and other colonial territories. The most adamant exponent of African unity from the 1940s to the early 1970s, Kwame Nkrumah, obtained independence for the Gold Coast in 1957 and named that newly-liberated African nation Ghana. In 1945, small group of pan-Africanist elites convened the Fifth Pan-African conference in Manchester, England. The African inheritance from European colonialism also includes the existence of a few states that are too small to 'survive' on their own, while others are 'too' large and too diverse culturally, religiously, linguistically, and ethnically to be managed easily. Globalization spreads common consumption patterns, but not an equal capacity to purchase western goods or require an equal treatment of African people.
