ABSTRACT
Architecture has an essentially dual nature: it has a utilitarian existence to satisfy practical needs and an aesthetic existence to satisfy emotional needs. Throughout its history, architecture's aesthetic existence had mostly been maintained through ornament. However, the denial of ornament in modern architecture has threatened its aesthetic existence, and the failure of utilitarian modernism set architects the difficult task of searching for a new 'myth' for satisfying people's emotional needs. Congres Internationaux d'Architecture Moderne (CIAM) was founded in La Sarraz, Switzerland, in 1928, in an attempt to relocate architecture in the entirely new economic and social context brought about by the technological revolution. One can assume that during CIAM's first twenty years of operation, social, cultural and aesthetic aspects were gradually overshadowed by the dogmatic utilitarianism of the Athens Charter through the influence of Le Corbusier. The official transfer of CIAM to Team X happened at the Otterlo meeting in 1959, where CIAM finally broke up.
