ABSTRACT
MUL.APIN begins with three lists of stars of Enlil, Anu, and Ea. The Akkadian term kakkabu, translated here as 'star', refers to a broader group of celestial objects than the English word 'star'. The uranology texts draw heavily on MUL.APIN for their repertoire of stars, and so it seems that the author of this uranology text understood MUL.APIN to state that the Jaw of the Bull was an alternative name for the Bull of Heaven. It is possible that MUL.APIN refers to such an equivalent Babylonian tradition, where the Scales were seen as the claws of the Scorpion. The three groups of stars, those of Enlil, Anu, and Ea, can be associated with the three 'paths' of Enlil, Anu, and Ea mentioned elsewhere in MUL.APIN. The list of Enlil stars in MUL.APIN contains a group of circumpolar stars, including the Wagon, which is said explicitly elsewhere to be visible all year and to circle around the sky.
