ABSTRACT
This chapter reviews the ultrasound features of different ovarian malignancies, including metastatic tumors to the ovary, and presents fallopian tube carcinomas and primary peritoneal carcinomas as the same entity together with ovarian carcinomas when describing high-grade serous carcinomas. Histologically, the World Health Organization classifies ovarian malignancies into two main groups: epithelial and nonepithelial cancers. The typical ultrasound features of sertoli cell tumors and sertoli-leydig cell tumors are a unilateral multilocular solid or solid tumor with irregular contour. Nonepithelial ovarian malignancies are relatively uncommon tumors. Malignant mesenchymal tumors are mainly constituted by primary ovarian sarcomas. The typical ultrasound appearance of ovarian dysgerminoma is a large unilateral moderately or highly vascularized purely solid lesion with irregular internal echogenicity and multilobulated appearance. Typical ultrasound findings of granulosa cell tumors are the presence of a multilocular-solid or solid lesion with moderate or high vascularization. Metastatic tumors to the ovary account for up to 5%–8% of all ovarian malignancies.
