ABSTRACT
As novice researchers will notice, some steps involve thinking and others involve writing. Some steps involve mainly thinking, while others involve actually writing parts of the introduction. When novice researchers do research, they do it because they hope it will make a positive difference in the real world, which means they need to write for other people. When communicating the problem, novice researchers have to be careful because not everyone will agree with them that novice researchers’ problem is that important, and may even refute its existence entirely. Bear in mind that novice researchers’ audience probably has many researchers presenting problems to them, all of which compete for their attention, so novice researchers need to do all they can to convince them that they should care about novice researchers’ problem. The bigger the gap between where novice researchers are and where they want to be, the bigger the problem.
