ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on the science and technology (S&T) relations between the US and Japan in the public sector. The history of US-Japan science and technology relationships since 1945 naturally begins with the Occupation of Japan. The initial objectives of the US occupation of Japan were to demilitarize and democratize Japan. The ABCC was by agreement re-created into a binational organization, Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF) funded jointly and equally by the two governments. Management was provided by the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare and the US National Academy of Sciences. Japan was the first country under President Eisenhower's Atoms for Peace Program to sign an agreement in 1958 with the US for cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy. Based on the recommendation of the first postwar Scientific Intelligence Survey of Japan in September 1945 GHQ authorized the use of the cyclotron for experiments in biology.
