Introduction

This chapter analyses Wendt's aspiration in own way by, among other things, striving to 'problematize' the deeply 'naturalized' assumption of anarchy in International Relations (IR) and by subjecting it to a reasonably rigorous formal from a comparative perspective. Outstanding among the endeavors to develop a new and more comprehensive understanding of the future of world affairs included Francis Fukuyama's The End of History? and Samuel Huntington's The Clash of Civilizations? For Fukuyama, world politics becomes less anarchic whereas Huntington believed inter-civilizational conflicts as opposed to the traditional interstate conflicts would engender a new and more dangerous type of international anarchy. Francis Fukuyama's main thesis was that the collapse of communism affirms 'the unabashed victory of economic and political liberalism'. Fukuyama's attempt also to underscore the primacy of the ideal over the material especially in reference to the reform movements in Russia, Eastern Europe and China is less than convincing and lacks coherence.