ABSTRACT
Project management has evolved in order to plan, coordinate and control the complex and diverse activities of modern industrial and commercial projects. The purpose of project management is to foresee or predict as many of the dangers and problems as possible and to plan, organize and control activities so that the project is completed as successfully as possible in spite of all the risks. The principal identifying characteristic of a project is its novelty. It is convenient to classify projects under civil engineering, construction, petrochemical, mining and quarrying projects; manufacturing and management projects; and research projects. Achieving quality, performance and reliability objectives obviously requires competence in engineering and design. The objectives of any project can be grouped under performance and quality; budget; and time to completion. The apparent conflict between the three primary objectives (time, cost and quality) has been illustrated as a triangle of objectives. Late completion can also invoke the ignominy of contract cost penalties.
