ABSTRACT
Excavate existing topsoil and remove off site; fill with new good quality topsoil to BS3882; add 50mm mushroom compost (delivered in 65m3 loads) and cultivate in; grade to level removing stones For planting
300mm deep m2 30.00 400mm deep m2 42.00 500mm deep m2 51.00
£ Excluding site overheads and profit
Extra for incorporating mushroom compost at 50mm/m² into the top 150mm of topsoil (compost delivered in 20m3) loads
manually spread; mechanically rotavated 100m² 190.00 mechanically spread and rotavated 100m² 140.00
Extra for incorporating manure at 50mm/m² into the top 150mm of topsoil loads manually spread; mechanically rotavated; 20m3 loads 100m² 290.00 mechanically spread and rotavated; 60m3 loads 100m² 180.00
SURFACE PREPARATION BY HAND
To area previously cleared and sprayed; cultivate existing topsoil to receive new ornamental planting; rotavate using pedestrian rotavator; dig over by hand 1 spit deep; rake and grade to level to receive new planting For ornamental planting beds m2 0.60
Spread only and lightly consolidate topsoil brought from spoil heap in layers not exceeding 150mm; grade to specified levels; remove stones over 25mm; all by hand 100mm thick 100m² 475.00 150mm thick 100m² 710.00 300mm thick 100m² 1425.00 450mm thick 100m² 2125.00 As above but inclusive of loading to location by barrow maximum distance 25m; finished topsoil depth
100mm thick 100m² 1050.00 150mm thick 100m² 1575.00 300mm thick 100m² 3100.00 450mm thick 100m² 4700.00 500mm thick 100m² 5200.00 600mm thick 100m² 6300.00
As above but loading to location by barrow maximum distance 100m; finished topsoil depth
100mm thick 100m² 760.00 150mm thick 100m² 1150.00 300mm thick 100m² 2275.00 450mm thick 100m² 3400.00 500mm thick 100m² 3800.00 600mm thick 100m² 4550.00
Extra to the above for incorporating mushroom compost at 50mm/m² into the top 150mm of topsoil; by hand 100m² 225.00 Extra to above for imported topsoil PC £51.00m3 allowing for 20% settlement
100mm thick 100m² 395.00 150mm thick 100m² 590.00 300mm thick 100m² 1175.00 450mm thick 100m² 1775.00 500mm thick 100m² 1975.00 600mm thick 100m² 2375.00 750mm thick 100m² 3000.00 1.00m thick 100m² 3950.00
£ Excluding site overheads and profit
TREE PLANTING
Specification Corresponding Tree Girth Size Light Standard (LS) 6-8 cm Standard (S) 8-10 cm Select Standard (SS) 10-12 cm Heavy Standard (HS) 12-14 cm Extra Heavy Standard (EHS) 14-16 cm Advanced Heavy Standard (AHS) 16-18 cm Semi-mature 18-20 cm +
Excavate tree pit by hand; fork over bottom of pit; plant tree with roots well spread out; backfill with excavated material incorporating treeplanting compost at 1m³ per 3m³ of soil; one tree stake and two ties; tree pits square in sizes shown Standard bare root tree in pit; PC £22.75
600× 600mm deep each 60.00 900× 600mm deep each 70.00
Standard rootballed tree in pit; PC £31.25 600× 600mm deep each 70.00 900× 600mm deep each 81.00 1.00× 1.00m deep each 110.00
Selected standard bare root tree in pit; PC £39.25 900× 900mm deep each 84.00 1.00× 1.00m deep each 120.00
Selected standard rootball tree in pit; PC £51.75 900× 900mm deep each 120.00 1.00× 1.00m deep each 175.00
Heavy standard bare root tree in pit; PC £70.00 900× 900mm deep each 140.00 1.00× 1.00m deep each 155.00 1.50m × 750mm deep each 200.00
Heavy standard rootball tree in pit; PC £85.50 900× 900mm deep each 155.00 1.00× 1.00m deep each 175.00 1.50m × 750mm deep each 220.00
Extra heavy standard bare root tree in pit; PC £105.00 1.00× 1.00m deep each 200.00 1.20× 1.00m deep each 200.00 1.50m × 750mm deep each 255.00
Extra heavy standard rootball tree in pit; PC £122.15 1.00× 1.00m deep each 220.00 1.50m × 750mm deep each 265.00 1.50× 1.00m deep each 305.00
£ Excluding site overheads and profit
SEMI-MATURE TREE PLANTING
Trees in soft landscape environments
Excavate tree pit deep by machine; fork over bottom of pit; plant rootballed tree Acer platanoides Emerald Queen using telehandler where necessary; backfill with excavated material, incorporating Melcourt Topgrow bark/ manure mixture at 1m3 per 3m3 of soil; Platipus underground guying system; tree pits 1500×1500 × 1500mm deep inclusive of Platimats; excavated material not backfilled to tree pit spread to surrounding area 16-18 cm girth; PC £85.00 each 290.00 18-20 cm girth; PC £105.00 each 315.00 20-25 cm girth; PC £130.00 each 420.00 25-30 cm girth; PC £170.00 each 530.00 30-35 cm girth; PC £310.00 each 800.00 As above but tree pits 2.00 ×2.00 × 1.5m deep
40-45 cm girth; PC £600.00 each 1250.00 45-50 cm girth; PC £850.00 each 1500.00 55-60 cm girth; PC £1,200.00 each 1925.00 67-70 cm girth; PC £2,200.00 each 3200.00 75-80 cm girth; PC £4,800.00 each 5800.00
Extra to the above for imported topsoil moved 25m from tipping area and disposal off site of excavated material Tree pits 1500×1500 × 1500mm deep
16-18 cm girth each 300.00 18-20 cm girth each 290.00 20-25 cm girth each 275.00 25-30 cm girth each 260.00 30-35 cm girth each 250.00
Tree pit in Trafficked environments
Excavate tree pit; remove excavated material; break up bottom of pit; line pit with root barrier; Lay drainage layer 200mm thick; backfill tree pit with cellular load supporting cells to 7.5 tonne traffic weight limit; Plant tree with underground guying system; inclusive of root director. Add rootball irrigation system; backfill over rootball with topsoil enriched with composts and fertilizers Tree pit tree size
2.00× 2.00×1.00m deep; 30-35 cm tree nr 1475.00 2.50× 2.50×1.00m deep; 40-45 cm tree nr 2300.00
Excavate tree pit; remove excavated material; break up bottom of pit; line pit with root barrier; Lay drainage layer 200mm thick; backfill tree pit with cellular load supporting cells to 40 tonne traffic weight limit; Plant tree with underground guying system; inclusive of root director. Add rootball irrigation system; backfill over rootball with topsoil enriched with composts and fertilizers Tree pit tree size
2.00× 2.00×1.00deep; 30-35 cm tree nr 1975.00 2.50× 2.50×1.00deep; 40 – 45 cm tree nr 3100.00
£ Excluding site overheads and profit
TREE PLANTING – cont
TREE PLANTING WITH MOBILE CRANES
Excavate tree pit 1.50 ×1.50 ×1.00m deep; supply and plant semi-mature trees delivered in full loads; trees lifted by crane; inclusive of backfilling tree pit with imported topsoil, compost, fertilizers and underground guying using Platipus anchors Self managed lift; local authority applications, health and safety, traffic management or road closures not included; tree size and distance of lift; 35 tonne crane
25-30 cm; maximum 25m distance each 860.00 30-35 cm; maximum 25m distance each 1050.00 35-40 cm; maximum 25m distance each 1250.00 55-60 cm; maximum 15m distance each 1975.00 80-90 cm; maximum 10m distance each 7100.00
Managed lift; inclusive of all local authority applications, health and safety, traffic management or road closures all by crane hire company; tree size and distance of lift; 35 tonne crane
25-30 cm; maximum 25m distance each 870.00 30-35 cm; maximum 25m distance each 1075.00 35-40 cm; maximum 25m distance each 1275.00 55-60 cm; maximum 15m distance each 2025.00 80-90 cm; maximum 10m distance each 7200.00
Self managed lift; local authority applications, health and safety, traffic management or road closures not included; tree size and distance of lift; 80 tonne crane
25-30 cm; maximum 40m distance each 860.00 30-35 cm; maximum 40m distance each 1050.00 35-40 cm; maximum 40m distance each 1275.00 55-60 cm; maximum 33m distance each 1975.00 80-90 cm; maximum 23m distance each 7200.00
Managed lift; inclusive of all local authority applications, health and safety, traffic management or road closures all by crane hire company; tree size and distance of lift; 35 tonne crane
25-30 cm; maximum 40m distance each 870.00 30-35 cm; maximum 40m distance each 1075.00 35-40 cm; maximum 40m distance each 1275.00 55-60 cm; maximum 33m distance each 2050.00 80-90 cm; maximum 23m distance each 7400.00
£ Excluding site overheads and profit
PLANTING SHRUBS AND GROUNDCOVERS
SHRUBS
Excavate planting holes 250× 250 × 300mm deep to area previously ripped and rotavated; excavated material left alongside planting hole By mechanical auger
250mm centres (16 plants per m2) m2 13.40 300mm centres (11.11 plants per m2) m2 9.35 400mm centres (6.26 plants per m2) m2 5.25 450mm centres (4.93 plants per m2) m2 4.10 500mm centres (4 plants per m2) m2 3.35 600mm centres (2.77 plants per m2) m2 2.30 750mm centres (1.77 plants per m2) m2 1.50 900mm centres (1.23 plants per m2) m2 1.00 1.00m centres (1 plant per m2) m2 0.80 1.50m centres (0.44 plants per m2) m2 0.40
As above but excavation by hand 250mm centres (16 plants per m2) m2 13.40 300mm centres (11.11 plants per m2) m2 9.35 400mm centres (6.26 plants per m2) m2 5.25 450mm centres (4.93 plants per m2) m2 4.10 500mm centres (4 plants per m2) m2 3.35 600mm centres (2.77 plants per m2) m2 2.30 750mm centres (1.77 plants per m2) m2 1.50 900mm centres (1.23 plants per m2) m2 1.00 1.00m centres (1 plant per m2) m2 0.80 1.50m centres (0.44 plants per m2) m2 0.40
Clear light vegetation from planting area and remove to dump on site; dig planting holes; plant whips with roots well spread out; backfill with excavated topsoil; including one 38×38mm treated softwood stake, two tree ties and mesh guard 1.20m high; planting matrix 1.5 × 1.5m; allow for beating up once at 10% of original planting, cleaning and weeding round whips once, applying fertilizer once at 35gm/m²; using the following mix of whips, bare rooted Plant bare root plants average PC £0.42 each to a required matrix
plant mix as above 100m² 290.00 Plant bare root plants average PC £0.75 each to a required matrix
plant mix as above 100m² 320.00
£ Excluding site overheads and profit
PLANTING SHRUBS AND GROUNDCOVERS – cont
Cultivate and grade shrub bed; bring top 300mm of topsoil to a fine tilth, incorporating mushroom compost at 50mm and Enmag slow release fertilizer; rake and bring to given levels; remove all stones and debris over 50mm; dig planting holes average 300×300 × 300mm deep; supply and plant specified shrubs in quantities as shown below; backfill with excavated material as above; water to field capacity and mulch 50mm bark chips 20-40mm size; water and weed regularly for 12months and replace failed plants Shrubs 3 l PC £3.40; ground covers 9 cm PC £1.50
100% shrub area 300mm centres 100m2 5500.00 400mm centres 100m2 3350.00 500mm centres 100m2 2350.00 600mm centres 100m2 1825.00
100% groundcovers 200mm centres 100m2 5900.00 300mm centres 100m2 2950.00 400mm centres 100m2 1925.00 500mm centres 100m2 1450.00
groundcover 30%/shrubs 70% at the distances shown below 200/300mm 100m2 5500.00 300/400mm 100m2 3200.00 300/500mm 100m2 2500.00 400/500mm 100m2 2175.00
groundcover 50%/shrubs 50% at the distances shown below 200/300mm 100m2 5700.00 300/400mm 100m2 3100.00 300/500mm 100m2 2650.00 400/500mm 100m2 2125.00
BULB PLANTING
Cultivate ground by machine and rake to level; plant bulbs as shown; bulbs PC £25.00/100 15 bulbs per m² 100m² 730.00 25 bulbs per m² 100m² 1175.00 50 bulbs per m² 100m² 2350.00
Cultivate ground by machine and rake to level; plant bulbs as shown; bulbs PC £13.00/100 15 bulbs per m² 100m² 520.00 25 bulbs per m² 100m² 850.00 50 bulbs per m² 100m² 1675.00
Form holes in grass areas and plant bulbs using bulb planter, backfill with organic manure and turf plug; bulbs PC £13.00/100 15 bulbs per m² 100m² 790.00 25 bulbs per m² 100m² 1325.00 50 bulbs per m² 100m² 2600.00
£ Excluding site overheads and profit
HEDGE PLANTING
Works by machine; excavate trench for hedge 300mm wide × 300mm deep; deposit spoil alongside and plant hedging plants in single row at 200mm centres; backfill with excavated material Trench 300mm×300mm; bare root hedging plants PC £0.48 per plant; single row
200mm centres m 6.50 300mm centres m 5.50 400mm centres m 4.75 600mm centres m 4.00 800mm centres m 3.65
Trench 600mm×300mm deep; bare root hedging plants PC £0.48 per plant; double staggered row
300mm centres m 10.30 400mm centres m 3.80 500mm centres m 7.35 600mm centres m 7.00 800mm centres m 6.00 1.00m centres m 5.60
Works by hand; excavate trench for hedge 300mm wide × 450mm deep; deposit spoil alongside and plant hedging plants in single row at 200mm centres; backfill with excavated material incorporating organic manure at 1m³ per 5m3; carry out initial cut; including delivery of plants from nursery Trench 300mm×300mm; bare root hedging plants PC £0.48 per plant; single row
200mm centres m 9.90 300mm centres m 8.90 400mm centres m 8.20 600mm centres m 7.40 800mm centres m 7.10
Trench 600mm×300mm deep; bare root hedging plants PC £0.48 per plant; double staggered row
300mm centres m 18.40 400mm centres m 16.40 500mm centres m 15.50 600mm centres m 15.10 800mm centres m 14.10 1.00m centres m 13.70
Readyhedge Ltd; Fully preformed hedge planting; excavate trench by machine 700mm wide × 500mm deep; add compost at 100mm/m2mixed to excavated material; plant mature hedge plants; backfill with excavated material and compost; allow for disposal of 50% of excavated material to spoil heaps 50m distant Beech or hornbeam hedging
1.50m × 500mm wide at 500mm centres m 240.00 1.50m × 500mm wide at 750mm centres m 150.00 2.00m × 500mm wide at 500mm centres m 335.00 2.00m × 500mm wide at 750mm centres m 240.00 1.50m × 500mm wide at 500mm centres m 240.00
£ Excluding site overheads and profit
HEDGE PLANTING – cont
Readyhedge Ltd – cont Yew (Taxus) hedging
1.50m × 500mm wide at 500mm centres m 350.00 1.50m × 500mm wide at 750mm centres m 225.00 1.50m × 500mm wide at 1.00m centres m 180.00 1.75m × 500mm wide at 500mm centres m 395.00 1.75m × 500mm wide at 750mm centres m 255.00 1.75m × 500mm wide at 1.00m centres m 200.00 2.00m × 500mm wide at 500mm centres m 460.00 2.00m × 500mm wide at 750mm centres m 320.00 2.00m × 500mm wide at 1.00m centres m 235.00
Laurel (Prunus) hedging 2.00m × 500mm wide at 1.00m centres m 10.80 1.40/1.60m high × 400mm wide m 170.00 1.60/1.80m high × 500mm wide m 190.00 1.80/2.00m high × 500mm wide m 175.00
Box (Buxus) hedging 800mm/1.00m high × 300mm wide m 140.00 1.00m/1.20m high × 300mm wide m 170.00
Readyhedge Ltd; pre-clipped and preformed hedge planting; excavate trench by machine 500mm wide × 500mm deep; add compost at 100mm/m2mixed to excavated material; plant mature hedge plants; backfill with excavated material and compost; allow for disposal of 50% of excavated material to spoil heaps 50m distant Beech or Hornbeam hedging
1.75m high × 300mm wide at 400mm centres m 97.00 1.75m high × 300mm wide at 500mm centres m 79.00 1.75m high × 300mm wide at 750mm centres m 59.00 1.75m high × 300mm wide at 900mm centres m 47.50 2.00m high × 300mm wide at 400mm centres m 170.00 2.00m high × 300mm wide at 500mm centres m 135.00
Readyhedge; strip hedge planting; excavate trench 700mm wide × 500mm deep by machine; add compost at 100mm/m2mixed to excavated material; plant instant strip hedging; backfill with excavated material and compost; allow for disposal of 50% of excavated material to spoil heaps 50m distant Beech hedging
1.40/1.60m high × 400mm wide m 125.00 1.60/1.80m high × 500mm wide m 130.00
Yew (Taxus) hedging 1.40/1.60m high × 400mm wide m 100.00 1.60/1.80m high × 500mm wide m 240.00 1.80/2.00m high × 500mm wide m 105.00
Laurel (Prunus) hedging 1.40/1.60m high × 400mm wide m 170.00 1.60/1.80m high × 500mm wide m 190.00 1.80/2.00m high × 500mm wide m 175.00
£ Excluding site overheads and profit
Box (Buxus) hedging 800mm/1.00m high × 300mm wide m 140.00 1.00/1.20m high × 300mm wide m 170.00
Griffin Nurseries; individual feathered hedge planting; excavate trench by machine 500mm wide × 500mm deep; add compost at 100mm/m2mixed to excavated material; plant mature hedge plants; backfill with excavated material and compost; allow for disposal of 50% of excavated material to spoil heaps 50m distant Yew hedging
1.0-1.20m high × 300mm wide at 2/m m 54.00 1.25-1.50m high × 300mm wide at 3/m m 23.00 1.50-1.75m high at 450mm centres m 170.00 1.50-1.75m high at 600mm centres m 130.00 2.00-2.25m high at 600mm centres m 255.00 2.00-2.25m high at 900mm centres m 180.00
Griffin Nurseries; Works by machine; excavate trench for hedge 300mm wide × 300mm deep; deposit spoil alongside and plant hedging plants in single row; backfill with excavated material Box hedging; rootballed
400-500mm high; 200mm centres m 41.50 400-500mm high; 300mm centres m 29.00 400-500mm high; 500mm centres m 18.50 500-600mm mm high; 200mm centres m 55.00 500-600mm mm high; 300mm centres m 38.00 500-600mm mm high; 600mm centres m 24.50 600-800mm high; 250mm centres m 60.00 600-800mm high; 400mm centres m 39.00 800mm-1.0mm high; 300mm centres m 77.00 800mm-1.0m high; 500mm centres m 48.00 1.0-1.25m high; 600mm centres m 60.00 1.0-1.25m high; 900mm centres m 41.50
ANNUAL BEDDING
BEDDING
Spray surface with glyphosate; lift and dispose of turf when herbicide action is complete; cultivate new area for bedding plants to 400mm deep; spread compost 100mm deep and chemical fertilizer Enmag and rake to fine tilth to receive new bedding plants; remove all arisings Existing turf area
disposal to skip m2 6.20 disposal to compost area on site; distance 25m m2 6.40
£ Excluding site overheads and profit
ANNUAL BEDDING – cont
Plant bedding to existing planting area; bedding planting PC £0.33 each Clear existing bedding; cultivate soil to 230mm deep; incorporate compost 75mm and rake to fine tilth; collect bedding from nursery and plant at 100mm centres; irrigate on completion; maintain weekly for 12 weeks
mass planted; 100mm centres m2 35.00 to patterns; 100mm centres m2 39.00 mass planted; 150mm centres m2 21.00 to patterns; 150mm centres m2 25.00 mass planted; 200mm centres m2 21.00 to patterns; 200mm centres m2 25.00
Watering of bedding by hand held hose pipe; The prices shown here are per occasion; Bedding may require up to 40 visits during a dry season Flow rate 25 litres/minute; per occasion
10 litres/m2 100m2 0.10 15 litres/m2 100m2 0.20 20 litres/m2 100m2 0.30 25 litres/m2 100m2 0.35
Flow rate 40 litres/minute 10 litres/m2 100m2 0.10 15 litres/m2 100m2 0.10 20 litres/m2 100m2 0.20 25 litres/m2 100m2 0.20
LIVING WALL
Living wall; Scotscape Ltd; Design and installation of planted modules with automatic irrigation systems Fabric based systems; indicative area rates as shown
Wall 20m2 m2 570.00 Wall 50m2 m2 440.00 Wall 100m2 m2 410.00 Wall 150m2 m2 410.00
Annual maintenance costs for living walls Walls over 30-70m2 item 3500.00 Walls under over 150m2 item 7500.00
PLANTERS
To brick planter; coat insides with two coats RIW liquid asphaltic composition; fill with 50mm shingle and cover with geofabric; fill with screened topsoil incorporating 25% Topgrow compost and Enmag Planters 1.00m deep
1.00× 1.00m each 125.00 1.00× 2.00m each 210.00 1.00× 3.00m each 300.00
£ Excluding site overheads and profit
Planters 1.50m deep 1.00× 1.00m each 185.00 1.00× 2.00m each 280.00 1.00× 3.00m each 450.00
Container planting; fill with 50mm shingle and cover with geofabric; fill with screened topsoil incorporating 25% Topgrow compost and Enmag Planters 1.00m deep
400× 400×400mm deep each 9.80 400× 400×600mm deep each 12.20 1.00m × 400mm wide × 400mm deep each 21.00 1.00m × 600mm wide × 600mm deep each 31.50 1.00m × 100mm wide × 400mm deep each 33.00 1.00m × 100mm wide × 600mm deep each 48.00 1.00m × 100mm wide × 1.00m deep each 78.00 1.00m diameter × 400mm deep each 26.00 1.00m diameter × 1.00m deep each 62.00 2.00m diameter × 1.00m deep each 240.00
Street planters Supply and locate in position precast concrete planters; fill with topsoil placed over 50mm shingle and terram; plant with assorted 5 litre and 3 litre shrubs to provide instant effect
700mm diameter × 470mm high; white exposed aggregate finish; Marshalls Boulevard each 810.00
LANDSCAPE MAINTENANCE
As part of a term maintenance contract
MAINTENANCE OF ORNAMENTAL SHRUB BEDS
Ornamental shrub beds; private gardens or business parks and resticted commercial environments
Hand weed ornamental shrub bed during the growing season; clear leaves and litter; edge beds when necessary; prune shrubs or hedges and remove; replace mulch to 50mm at end of each year; (mulched areas only) planting less than 2 years old Mulched beds; weekly visits; 12month period planting centres shown; public areas; shopping areas
600mm centres 100m2 160.00 400mm centres 100m2 140.00 300mm centres 100m2 125.00 groundcovers 100m2 110.00
Mulched beds; weekly visits; 12month period planting centres shown; private areas ; business or office parks or similar
600mm centres 100m2 140.00 400mm centres 100m2 115.00 300mm centres 100m2 98.00 groundcovers 100m2 79.00
£ Excluding site overheads and profit
LANDSCAPE MAINTENANCE – cont
Hand weed ornamental shrub bed during the growing season – cont Non-mulched beds; weekly visits; planting centres
600mm centres 100m2 130.00 400mm centres 100m2 125.00 300mm centres 100m2 120.00 groundcovers 100m2 115.00
Non-mulched beds; monthly visits; planting centres 600mm centres 100m2 105.00 400mm centres 100m2 98.00 300mm centres 100m2 94.00 groundcovers 100m2 90.00
Maintain rose bed Weed around base of plants; dead head regularly; fertilize once per annum with Enmag; prune once per annum; edge with half moon edging tool; add compost to 50mm once per annum; clear of litter and leaves
private or restricted access beds 100m2 280.00 public areas 100m2 310.00
Remulch planting bed at the start of the planting season; top up mulch 25mm thick; Melcourt Ltd Larger areas maximum distance 25m; 80m3 loads
Ornamental bark mulch 100m2 160.00 Melcourt Bark Nuggets 100m2 150.00 Amenity Bark 100m2 115.00 Forest biomulch 100m2 110.00
Smaller areas; maximum distance 25m; 25m3 loads Ornamental bark mulch 100m2 195.00 Melcourt Bark Nuggets 100m2 185.00 Amenity Bark 100m2 150.00 Forest biomulch 100m2 140.00
Shrub beds in ornamental gardens Maintain mature shrub bed; shrubs average 1.00m-3.00m high with occasional mature trees in bed or in proximity; prune one third of all planting by 30% every year in rotation; fertilize; add compost; annually; add fertilizers; clear leaves; edge bed with half moon tool; water with hand held hose on 6 occasions
massed plants; 1.00 high m2 430.00 plants up to 2m high; m2 485.00 plants 2m-3m high; m2 630.00
£ Excluding site overheads and profit
VEGETATION CONTROL
Native planting; roadside, railway or forestry planted areas.
