ABSTRACT
This chapter illustrates the interflow of technology streams between civilian and military purposes. It selects examples of transfers and exchanges which have a bearing on verification of weapon prohibition regimes, especially a regime of zero nuclear weapons. The chapter presents a survey that supports the view that transparency is growing, and that elements of this transparency should make it easier to verify a Zero Nuclear Weapon regime. It is concerned primarily with sensing objects which could be seen, on a clear way, from aircraft and satellites. The chapter introduces US and Russian steps to make Cold War oceanographic data available for environmental and other studies. It addresses technologies being marketed for wide dissemination in the civilian sector: video cameras, cellular phones, satellite phones and Global Positioning Systems. To the extent that verification of arms control and disarmament regimes comes to rely on satellite surveillance, states with an interest in those regimes gain by having access to reliable imagery.
