ABSTRACT

Few life occurrences shaped individual and collective identities within Victorian-era society as critically as witnessing or suffering from illness. The prevalence of illness narratives within late nineteenth-century popular culture was made manifest on the period’s British and American stages, where theatrical embodiments of illness were indisputable staples of actors’ repertoires.

Playing Sick: Performances of Illness in the Age of Victorian Medicine reconstructs how actors embodied three of the era’s most provocative illnesses: tuberculosis, drug addiction, and mental illness. In placing performances of illness within wider medicocultural contexts, Meredith Conti analyzes how such depictions confirmed or resisted salient constructions of diseases and the diseased. Conti’s case studies, which range from Eleonora Duse’s portrayal of the consumptive courtesan Marguerite Gautier to Henry Irving’s performance of senile dementia in King Lear, help to illuminate the interdependence of medical science and theatre in constructing nineteenth-century illness narratives. Through reconstructing these performances, Conti isolates from the period’s acting practices a lexicon of embodied illness: a flexible set of physical and vocal techniques that performers employed to theatricalize the sick body. In an age when medical science encouraged a gradual decentering of the patient from their own diagnosis and treatment, late nineteenth-century performances of illness symbolically restored the sick to positions of visibility and consequence.

chapter |22 pages

Introduction

part |63 pages

Performing consumption

chapter |38 pages

Rosy cheeks and red handkerchiefs

Performing Camille’s consumption before, during, and after the contagionist turn

chapter |23 pages

Foreign invasions

The transatlantic consumptives of Sarah Bernhardt and Eleonora Duse

part |53 pages

Performing drug addiction

chapter |24 pages

Master, martyr, monster

The addict archetypes of William Hooker Gillette and Richard Mansfield

part |66 pages

Performing mental illness

chapter |32 pages

The madwoman in the theatre

Normalizing the disordered female mind in Ellen Terry’s Lyceum repertoire

chapter |32 pages

Neurotic princes and enfeebled kings

Stigmatizing male mental illness in Henry Irving’s mad roles

chapter |6 pages

Conclusion