ABSTRACT
This chapter provides a general appraisal of the research. It outlines and discusses the participants, context and setting and this is followed by definitions, then methodology and instruments, with final reflections on the appraisal. In terms of the context of where the studies took place, globally Asia was the most represented with 52 studies or 37 percent, followed by Europe with 27 studies, then North America with 25 studies, Middle East 15 studies, Australia/New Zealand ten studies, South America six studies, and Africa three studies. Studies related to in-service teaching English to speakers of other languages (TESOL) teacher reflections on philosophy and its various combinations revealed the idea of an identity gap that can exist between what teachers felt they were expected to become and how they realistically identified themselves. One reason for the necessity of some guidance and feedback for the pre-service TESOL teachers on reflections of theory and practice is that they are full of self-blame initially.
