ABSTRACT
Genetic variability is created in all living beings by transfer and recombination of genetic material of two different genetic makeups, may they be human beings, animals, plants, or microorganisms. Transfer of genetic material through transformation was demonstrated by S. G. Borkar and J. P. Verma in isolates of Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum. Transformation of pathogenicity character from virulent to avirulent strain: The experiment is to be conducted with total DNA, plasmid DNA, and chromosomal DNA of the virulent strain. During conjugation the chromosomes of two auxotrophs associate and undergo recombination, thus producing a recombinant strain with genetic composition of thr+ met+. Transduction require a bacteriophage as a vector for the transfer of genetic material (DNA) from one bacteria to another. The bacteriophage acquires a portion of genetic material of the infected bacterium. If the avirulent culture turn pathogenic during the experimentation, it denotes the transfer of genetic material through transduction process.
