ABSTRACT
Both selection and training prepare employees for the job. Although the tasks and demands of the job are taken into account in establishing, for example, required knowledge, skills, ability, and other qualifications (KSAOs), the focus is on the individual and selecting or developing an individual for the work environment. An alternative approach to focusing on the individual is to focus more on the job context and the interaction of the individual with this context as the job is being performed. This broadens the theoretical coverage of the SIS to include a wider variety of potentially important influences on work performance. These contextual influences may occur at different levels. For example, the job context may include the devices or artifacts with which a person must work, the physical and social context of the work, and the broader organizational climate or culture of the workplace.
