ABSTRACT
Forest-industrial networks were tightly planned arid controlled by the central government during the Soviet era. Since the early 1990s the sector has undergone a profound restructuring process, and new actors have emerged. Although the role of the government is still strong, emerging Russian forest corporations, investment funds and transnational companies are enrolling enterprises, mills, communities and forests into their networks, thus replacing the state as the main controller of the sector. Other powerful actors such as transnational environmental organizations have also great interest in the Russian forest industry. All these key actors are taking part in the transformation of Russian forest-industrial networks.
