ABSTRACT
This chapter explores relevance of the relationship between Jewish and non-Jewish board members throughout the turmoil and heated debates. The organizations that fit the designation of Jewish labour organizations were mixed successes. The Jewish cigar makers and seamstresses became increasingly involved in politics through these unions and the electoral associations. They accounted for a large proportion of the Jewish voters responsible for the 1902 electoral victory of the SDAP in District III. Jewish workers thus contributed to the success of the SDAP in Amsterdam. Dissent soon arose between Marxists and revisionists within SDAP District III that had been renamed Chapter III. The efforts of Betsalel to protect the Jewish interests of its members extended beyond keeping track of the actions of the Algemeene Nederlandsche Diamantwerkersbond (ANDB) concerning Sabbath observance issues. Unlike Het Centrum, the Handwerkers Vriendenkring (HV) continued to appeal to Jewish workers. Clashes continued between the Jewish and non-Jewish SDAP members of Chapter IX.
