ABSTRACT

Our research interest concerns variations in complexity on a number of dimensions. We first examined variations in individual leaders' complexity scores over time, which may be attributable to cognitive management and to disruptive stress. Second, we looked at subgroups within the leadership team, in which we sought to uncover significant differences in complexity that corresponded to the factional dhision of the ExComm into hawks, who called for early military action to deal with the perceived thieat, and doves, who counseled patience and diplomacy. Third, we measured whether statements that individuals made for public consumption were significantly more or less complex overall than their private statements. Our examination of key U.S. policymakers draws on their wrinen and oral statements during this period.