ABSTRACT
A shared characteristic of Greek and Latin philosophy in the period from 800 to 1000 is that 'philosophia' in practice may mean logic. In the West that is known to have been the only philosophical discipline regularly taught, and the situation seems to have been the same in Constantinople. The ninth century witnessed a revival of studies in the Greek as in the Latin lands and, indeed, in the Muslim empire too; but there was little direct contact between logicians in the Greek, the Muslim and the Carolingian empires. This chapter presents a survey of converging and diverging tendencies in the two cultures from the beginning until the end of the Middle Ages. It provides typological comparison of Greek and Latin companion books to the Organon. Greek and Latin handbooks share the unsurprising feature of having a structure roughly the same as the order of the books of the Organon.
