'ORLAN's Performative Transformations of Subjectivity', in Peggy Phelan and Jill Lane (eds), The Ends of Performance, New York: New York University Press, pp. 285–92.

Thepoliticalstruggleforwomentobecomerecognizedasautonomous

subjectshasbeencomplicatedbythegrowingtheoreticalrealizationthat

"subjectificationentailssubjection."1Thisconceptualconundrum,notes

SusanHekman,wasalreadyexplicitinSimonedeBeauvoir'swell-known

thesis,"oneisnotbornbutbecomesawoman."Hekmaninterpretsde

Beauvoir'sworkTheSecondSexasanattemptto"'openup'thecategoryof thesubject." 2Womenhavebeentraditionallyexcludedfromphilosophi-

caldiscussionsofsubjectivitybecausetheyhavebeen"made"orconsti-

tutedasinferior,irrationalbeings.AccordingtoHekman,deBeauvoir's

solutiontowomen'ssubjectionwasforwomentoconstitutethemselves

byembracingmodernistmale(i.e.,constituting)subjectivity.3