ABSTRACT
Inover60%ofallaircraftaccidentsoverthepast15years(FAA,1996),flight crewerrorhasbeencitedasacausalorcontributingfactor.Atthesametime,the strongincreaseincommercialairtraffichasledtohighersafetyrequirements.If currentlevelsofsafetyoraccidentratesweremaintained,theabsolutenumberof accidentswouldincreaseuptoapoint(e.g.onemajorairlineaccidentperweek; FlightSafetyFoundation,1997)thatwouldbeunacceptabletothepublic.Whilea lotofefforthasbeeninvestedintechnologicaladvancestoenhancesafety(e.g. visionenhancementsystemstoreducerunwayincursions,4-Dnavigation,etc.),the considerationofhumanfactors(HF)asameanstoincreasesafetyhaslagged behindthesedevelopments(Amalberti&Wibaux,2000).Asaconsequence, aviationauthoritiesarestartingtoplacegreaterimportanceonHFinthedesignand certificationofnewaircraft.Thepurposeofthepresentchapteristodescribethe effortsoftheinternationalaviationauthoritiesandthefirstresultsoftheattemptto agreeoncommonandharmonisedrequirementsforthedesignandcertificationof aircraftfromaHFperspective.Further,thechapterdescribeshowthese requirementscanbeappliedtothedesignandcertificationofanewregional airliner-theFairchildDornier728.Afewyearsago,Amalberti,Paries,Valot,and Wibaux(1998)addressedtheissuesofHFindesignandcertificationinthisseries. Thepresentchapterdescribesdevelopmentssincethen.
