ABSTRACT
Containment carne to be utilised as a form of discipline, as in educational institutions and in factories, punishment or reform, in prisons and other correctional facilities, or as a form of quarantine, controlling the spread of infectious diseases. lt carne to be viewed culturally and implemented as forms of protection .from those being contained, but potentially also protection of those being contained from the mob, or the masses outside. In modem societies, state sanctioned and organised forms of containment are utilised for those who have committed criminal offences, for those with serious infectious diseases and for those individuals who have a mental illness and are deemed a threat to their own safety or the safety of others. Otherwise modern societies, and in particular those which operate with democratic institutions, enshrine the freedom of the individual as a value of such significance that coercive measures of detention are rare. Detention usually takes place after a thorough process of independent adjudication on the individual grounds for detaining a person. Moreover, processes of appeal and review usually accompany guidelines for detention, as in the case of criminal detention.
