ABSTRACT
This chapter provides an overview of the existing nanoelectronic complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) logic-based security primitives and countermeasures that exploit inherent device properties for security and trust. It introduces some common hardware security primitives and countermeasures to the readers. The chapter highlights the state-of-the-art nano-CMOS devices and their interesting properties that are to designing various hardware security primitives. It discusses the underlying performance versus security trade-offs as well, followed by detailed descriptions, analysis, and applications of some crucial security primitives and countermeasures. A comprehensive study of the security properties of nano-CMOS logic devices leads to a subset of necessary requirements for hardware security applications. Arbiter physical unclonable functions (PUF) is one of the most common CMOS logic-based PUF architectures that exploits the randomness of path delay due to uncontrollable process variation. The reference-(RO) Ring Oscillator is designed to age slowly, whereas the stressed-RO is designed to age at a much faster rate.
