ABSTRACT
The key elements in the cognitive-normative framework of the modern, Western-dominated international order were the idea of progress and of liberalism. While Western dominance was justified by an impressive array of arguments, there was inherent contradiction between liberal individualism and collectivist nationalism, and thus, Western dominance in the long run could not but arouse the assertion of anti-Western nationalisms among the non-Western elites. During the interwar period, the liberal international order experienced a period of profound, paradigm crisis, allowing the assertion of non-Western nationalism in a more “offensive-globalist” form.
