ABSTRACT
Job design, therefore, is the process which sets out to harness the energies of the human resource in order to achieve an organization's objectives. In turn job descriptions are the written results of the process of job design. Job descriptions are a broad statement of the scope, purpose, duties and responsibilities involved in a job. Their main purposes are to: give employees an understanding of their jobs and standards of performance, clarify duties, responsibilities and authority in order to design the organization structure, and assist in assessing employees' performance. Some managers like to prepare job descriptions and other such documents with the employees concerned, and generally speaking this is by far the best approach. Management by objectives (MbO) is an approach to management which, if operated effectively, influences all levels and activities of an organization. In recent years, attempts have been made in the industry to introduce the basic MbO concepts to most levels of management, supervisory and operative staff.
