ABSTRACT
The second wave of social media platforms at the start of the 21st century’s second decade was overwhelmingly visual. It saw the launches of Instagram, Pinterest and Snapchat as well as live streaming of online video via Twitter’s Periscope and Facebook Live. Journalists were told to include images with social media updates wherever possible. The combination of text, still images, moving images, audio and other elements, such as emojis and stickers, is what makes visual journalism more than the sum of its parts. In this chapter we outline the key techniques that visual journalism borrows from its various antecedents, and the new tools and techniques that have emerged and continue to develop. It covers a range of techniques such as 360 video, virtual reality (VR) and other forms of immersive journalism. There is also a section on audio for mobile. The section ends with a discussion of legal and ethical issues relating to the use of images, sound and video online.
