ABSTRACT
Latin America is perhaps the geographical macro-area that has registered the highest prevalence of populisms in contemporary history. From an economic and political point of view, the Left Turn parties emerged and organized towards the end of the 1980s and during the 1990s, as a political reaction to the social difficulties created by the neoliberal policies implemented in those years by conservative governments. From a socio-political point of view, Venezuela represents a very interesting case of populism due to the complexity of its analysis. Ideologically in line with Venezuela's Chavismo, Evo Morales' Movimiento al Socialismo Partito democratico (MAS) party in Bolivia represents a type of Left-Turn Latin American neo-populism with markedly ethnic traits. Morales was elected President of the Republic in 2005, in elections that were brought forward due to constant social protests against the government. Re-elected in 2009 and 2014, Morales implemented a profound transformation of Bolivian society.
