ABSTRACT

Biodiesel is an alternative biofuel produced by chemically catalyzing the reactant of vegetable oils or animal fats with short-chain alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, or butanol (Meher et al. 2006). Biodiesel is obtained from vegetable oils and animal fats, so it is an important material for fighting environmental degradation because of its liquid nature, ecofriendly nature, and easy portability (Balat 2007). On the other hand, a global challenge has now emerged because biodiesel fuel is derived mainly from soybean oil or other seeds and nuts, and using food to produce fuel is not rational considering the increase in world population.