ABSTRACT

Most plant species live in a symbiotic association with mycorrhizal fungi whose establish-

ment in roots increases the water supply and mineral nutrition. These soil-borne fungi

colonize the root cortex and develop external filaments, making connecting bridges between

roots and soil. They are recognized as improving plant fitness and soil quality. Widely

distributed under all ecosystems, they are the most common type of symbionts involved in

agricultural systems, influencing both plant production and plant protection.