ABSTRACT
Current generalized immittance convertors (CGICs) have been used to realize high-performance active biquads with 2 OAs, 3 OAs, or n OAs per sections [1,5].
In this chapter two-and three-amplifier biquads are presented that are based on CGICs. Although several biquads have been reported, the ones presented here have proved to be clearly superior
to single-amplifier biquads. This is because the design carried out [1] was constrained by stringent performance criteria satisfying important properties and features such as stability, versatility, insensitivity to component tolerances and drift, low dependence on the op-amp (OA) frequency limitations, finite gain, tunability, small spread in component values, and minimum total capacitance.
