ABSTRACT
Aircraft and aerospace power systems depend heavily upon electronic systems, which must be shielded against electromagnetic interference (EMI). EMI may come in the form of lightning strikes, interference from radio emitters, nuclear electromagnetic pulses, or even high-power microwave threats. Also, humans must be protected from radiation to safely explore space. The predominant sources of extraterrestrial ionizing radiation, namely, galactic cosmic rays, consist primarily of nuclei of atoms (up to Fe) and solar energetic particles, which include mainly high-energy protons. In addition, neutrons that are formed due to breakdown of the incoming radiation flux in the shielding material have to be accounted for.
