ABSTRACT
Currently, material with complex chemical composition, such as cadmium indium deselenide (CIS), is receiving the most attention because of lower fabrications
cost and less complex processing. Such solar cells with large areas can be manufactured with minimum cost using a straightforward co-evaporation technique. These solar cells do contain small amounts of toxic materials, but they are needed in small quantities because of large areas. Such solar cells have demonstrated conversion efficiencies exceeding 10 percent. Currently, organic materials for solar cell applications are being widely investigated, but their conversion efficiencies are approaching at best about 6 percent. Research scientists deeply involved in the design and development of organic solar cells predict that it will be difficult, if not impossible, to extend the conversion efficiencies beyond 10 percent. Solar cell designers and research scientists are considering electrochemical solar cell designs incorporating specific dyes.
