ABSTRACT
Introduction ............................................................................................................ 561 Temperature ........................................................................................................... 562 Heat Transfer .......................................................................................................... 563 Solar Environment ................................................................................................. 565 Planetary Heat Inputs .............................................................................................566 Spacecraft Thermal Design ....................................................................................566 Spacecraft External Surfaces ................................................................................. 567 Evolution of Spacecraft Thermal Design ............................................................... 568 Space Environment ................................................................................................ 569
Radiation ....................................................................................................... 569 Contamination ............................................................................................... 569 Atomic Oxygen ............................................................................................. 570
Conclusion ............................................................................................................. 570 Further Reading ................................................................................................... 571
The costs and constraints associated with putting hardware into space are so restrictive that vehicles are speci cally designed for their particular orbit, attitude, payload, and mission. One of the restricting elements that drive spacecraft con gurations is the need to keep the electronics and sensor systems within their operational temperature ranges. To understand the interaction between space vehicles and their temperatures requires a discussion of temperature itself, the heat ows that drive temperatures in space, and how these heat ows are controlled using the space vehicle thermal design.
