ABSTRACT
This chapter begins by investigating electromagnetic wave propagation in complex media via a solution of the Maxwell’s equations. It focuses on analyzing wave propagation on terminated transmission lines and typical impedance-matching techniques. The chapter aims to characterize electromagnetic wave propagation inside rectangular waveguides, dielectric waveguides, and optical fiber. It presents the overview of the transmission and reception characteristics of antennas. The chapter describes when electromagnetic waves are normally incident on a planar region having different constitutive parameters, a transmitted wave and a reflected wave. It discusses a normally incident wave in region propagating in the at direction resulting in a transmitted wave in region and reflected wave in region. The investigation of wave propagation in dielectric materials is based on a solution of Maxwell’s equations with the appropriate boundary conditions applied. A difficulty arises in the analysis due to the existence of evanescent or non-propagating fields outside the dielectric material.
