ABSTRACT
Microorganisms synthesize many building blocks that are mainly used for the synthesis of macromolecules such as proteins, DNA, RNA, lipids, and so on. Because these macromolecules are indispensable for living organism, the metabolism is optimized to provide enough precursors to synthesize them. A polymer is made by covalently linking together simple small molecules called monomers. A general term to describe the process that leads to the formation of a polymer is polymerization. It should be noted that there are many ways to polymerize monomers to synthesize various macromolecules. Biopolymers are amongst the most sophisticated and complex polymers on earth, and it is important to understand how monomers or building blocks can assemble covalently into life-enabling polymers.
