ABSTRACT
Straightforward shallow granular žow consists of the movementofdryparticulatematerialtravelinginrelativelythin layersover(inclined)topography.O¢enthežuidizedmaterial involvedismorecomplex,consistingofamultiphasemixtureof predominantlysolidmatterwithaninterstitialžuidŸllingthe porespace.Small-scalelaboratoryexperimentsofglassbeadsor sandžowingdowninclinedchutesareanexampleofthedry case,theseareperformedtostudyidealizedgranularsystems. Innature,thesituationiso¢encomplicatedbythepresenceof ažuid;examplesincludethecollapseofwater-saturatedslopes intodebrisžowsorthežowofpyroclasticmaterialintoariver forming a lahar.
