ABSTRACT
In 1971, using the arguments of symmetry, Leon Chua [1] proposed the existence of a new basic fourth circuit element that he termed the “memristor.” Dr. Chua deduced the existence of memristors by examining the mathematical relationships of the four basic electrical quantities (current, voltage, charge, and magnetic flux). As shown in Figure 3.1, these four quantities can be related to each other in six different ways. Two relationships relating magnetic flux (φ) to voltage (v) and charge (q) to current (i) come from basic physical laws (i.e., dφ = vdt and dq = idt). The resistor, capacitor, and inductor provide three more relationships by relating voltage to current, voltage to charge, and current to magnetic flux, respectively. Only one relationship remains unaccounted for: the relationship between charge and magnetic flux. A memristor, Chua figured, would relate charge and magnetic flux in a way similar to how a resistor relates to voltage and current. In other words, a memristor will behave like a resistor whose value varies according to the time history of the current passing through the device, and which will remember that value even after the current
3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................... 67 3.2 Theory and Device Operation ........................................................................69 3.3 Applications of Memristors ............................................................................ 74 3.4 Current Memristive Materials and Fabrication Technologies ........................ 76 3.5 Memristor Fabrication via Electrochemical Anodization .............................. 79 3.6 Test Results of Electrochemical Anodization-Based Memristors .................. 81 3.7 Conclusions .....................................................................................................84 References ................................................................................................................85
