Mitochondrial Regulation by Protein Acetylation

Mitochondria are cytoplasmic organelles that perform many functions critical to cellular and organismal health (Wallace 2005). The Krebs cycle, oxidation of fatty acids, and electron transport all occur within mitochondria; thus, mitochondria normally produce the majority of cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondria are a site of amino acid breakdown and the urea cycle, and ketone body and heme biosynthesis. They serve as a major storage depot for cellular Ca2+ and are key mediators of programmed cell death. Most cellular reactive oxygen species

13.1 Introduction: The Challenge of Mitochondrial Regulation ........................269 13.2 Calorie Restriction Promotes Longevity and Impacts Mitochondrial

Function .....................................................................................................270 13.3 Protein Acetylation as a Metabolic Regulatory Mechanism ...................... 272

13.3.1 Acetylation of Mitochondrial Proteins Is Altered in Response to Diet ...........................................................................................................272