ABSTRACT
Benzo(GHI) Perylene 20 min Ext 7 µm PDMS 100 ppm and up Not extracted 100 ppt to 500 ppb 30 µm PDMS 10 ppm and up 10 ppm and up 100 ppt to 10 ppm 85 µm Polyacrylate 1 ppm to 1000 ppm 5 ppb to 100 ppm 500 ppt to 10 ppm 100 µm PDMS 500 ppb to 1000 ppm 500 ppb to 500 ppm 500 ppt to 10 ppm 50 µm Carbowax (PEG) 1 ppm to 1000 ppm 5 ppb to 50 ppm 25 ppb to 10 ppm PDMS-DVB 50 ppb to 100 ppm 25 ppb to 10 ppm 10 ppb to 1 ppm Carbowax-DVB 100 ppb to 100 ppm 5 ppb to 10 ppm 50 ppb to 5 ppm PDMS-DVB-Carboxen 25 ppb to 10 ppm 50 ppb to 10 ppm 100 ppb to 1 ppm poorly desorbed PDMS-Carboxen 5 ppb to 5 ppm 100 ppb to 10 ppm Not desorbed Carbopak Z-PDMS 10 ppm to 500 ppm 5 ppm to 100 ppm 500 ppt to 100 ppb Note: In each case, the concentration is expressed on a mass basis (e.g., ppm mass/mass). a Water sample contains 25% NaCl (mass/mass) b Water sample contains 2% NaCl (mass/mass) acidified to pH = 2 with 0.05 M phosphoric acid 1 ppm = 1 part in 1 × 106 1 ppb = 1 part in 1 × 109 1 ppt = 1 part in 1 × 1012
Typical Phase Volumes of SPME Fiber Coatings Fiber Coating Thickness/Type Type of Fiber Core Fiber Core Diameter/mm Phase Volume/mm3 or µL PDMS Fused silica 0.110 0.612 100 µm PDMS Metal 0.130 0.598 30 µm PDMS Fused silica 0.110 0.132 30 µm PDMS Metal 0.130 0.136 7 µm PDMS Fused silica 0.110 0.028 7 µm PDMS Metal 0.130 0.030 85 µm PA Fused silica 0.110 0.543 60 µm PEG Metal 0.130 0.358 15 µm Carbopack Z/PDMS Metal 0.130 0.068 65 µm PDMS/DVB Fused silica 0.120 0.418 65 µm PDMS/DVB Proprietary 0.130 0.440 65 µm PDMS/DVB Metal 0.130 0.440 75 µm Carboxen-PDMS Fused silica 0.120 0.502 85 µm Carboxen-PDMS Proprietary 0.130 0.528 85 µm Carboxen-PDMS Metal 0.130 0.528 50/30 µm DVB/Carboxen Metal Carboxen layer 0.130 0.151 DVB layer 0.190 0.377 50/30 µm DVB/Carboxen Metal Carboxen layer 0.130 0.151 DVB layer 0.190 0.377 60 µm PDMS-DVB HPLC Proprietary 0.160 0.459
Salt Formula Rel. Mol. Mass Density/g cm-3 Solubility/g mL-1 H2O Vapor
EnhancementCold Water Hot Water Potassium carbonate K2CO3 138.21 2.428 at 14 °C 112a 156b 8 Ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4 132.13 1.769 at 50 °C 70.6c 103.8b 5 Sodium citrate (dihydrate) Na3C6H5O7 × 2H2O 294.10 72d 167b 5 Sodium chloride NaCl 58.44 2.165e 37.5a 39.12b 3 Ammonium chloride NH4Cl 53.49 1.527 29.7c 75.8b 2 a 20 oC b 100 oC c 0 oC d 25 oC e Specific gravity, 25 oC/4 oC
