ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on green wireless cellular networks and the smart grid. Renewable Energy Resources Powering base stations with renewable energy resources, especially in off-grid sites, could reduce greenhouse gas emissions and a large amount of expenditures for cellular companies. The dynamic operation of cellular base stations depends on the traffic, real-time price provided by the smart grid and the pollutant level associated with the generation of the electricity. The tradeoff between deployment efficiency and energy efficiency (EE) can be used to balance the deployment cost, throughput and energy consumption in the network as a whole. The tradeoff between spectrum efficiency and EE can be used to balance the achievable rate for a given bandwidth and energy consumption of the network. Demand-side management, an important mechanism for improving the reliability of the smart grid, is a set of programs implemented by utility companies that allow customers a greater role in dynamically changing or shifting electricity consumption.
