ABSTRACT

Defense against Renal Calculus Formation ......................... 82 4.6.3 Combating Hypocalcemia and Hypercalcemia .................................. 82

4.6.3.1 Hypocalcemia ...................................................................... 82 4.6.3.2 Hypercalcemia ..................................................................... 83

4.6.4 CaSR-Dependent Control of Calcium Metabolism during Pregnancy and Lactation .................................................................... 83 4.6.4.1 Placental Calcium Transport................................................ 83 4.6.4.2 Lactation: Control of Bone Resorption and Calcium

Secretion into Milk .............................................................. 83 4.6.5 CaSR-Dependent Control of Intestinal Calcium and Phosphate

Absorption ..........................................................................................84 4.6.6 CaSR-Dependent Control of Macronutrient Digestion and

Absorption ..........................................................................................85 4.7 Biological Roles in Bone and Cartilage ..........................................................85