ABSTRACT

Hay can occur in any non-continuous tense form. However, it does not mean ' .. .is/ arc /were there' = estri/estdnfestaban (ahi/alli): the relationship bctween hay and estar is discussed further at 30.3. Examples of hay:

Habfa muchas chicas de mi edad y mds j6venes (J. Marfas, Sp.)

Hay casos peores, hay quiellcs no pueden valver del exilio (A. Mastretta, Mex.)

There were many girls of my age and younger

There are worse cases, there are people who can't return from exile

'What's happening/How're things?