ABSTRACT
This entry presents an in-depth review of the major aspects related to various photovoltaic (PV) technologies. These aspects include the technological status, market status, economics, energy policies, and the future of PV. In addition, this entry presents a site-independent method for quantitative characterization and selection of PV technologies and modules. The parameters used for the characterization and selection of PV technologies and modules are the peak wattage per unit area [watt-peak/area (WP/A)], efficiency, temperature coefficient, lifetime, degradation rate, and cost. The information presented in this work provides detailed insight into the history, technological advances, and characterizations of PV systems. In addition, the entry discusses critical issues related to the applications and viability of PV systems. The entry also provides essential data for students as well as researchers in the field of PV systems and those involved in PV-related projects. Significant outcomes, results and conclusions are presented in the conclusions section.
