ABSTRACT
In addition to hard wood, a variety of bells and gongs made of metal are used for playing rhythm timelines in traditional African and Afro-Cuban music.* Perhaps, the most noteworthy metal bell is the gankogui, a hand-held iron instrument composed of two bells of dierent pitches, attached together as shown in Figure 5.1. e instrument is held with one hand without muting the sound, and the bells are struck with a wooden stick. e rst onset of the timeline is o en played on the low-pitched bell and the remaining onsets on the high-pitched bell. ese bells come in a variety of sizes that produce a wide range of tones and textures.
